Definition
The functional psychosis in which
individual looses connectivity with reality.
Distortions
in
(i) Thinking,
(ii) Perception,
(iii) Language,
(iv) Sense of self and behaviour.
Defining
Features of Schizophrenia
Hallucinations and Delusions
Traces
The individual who suffers from
schizophrenia had normal development during the childhood. But four groups of
children are considered as high risk, children: -
(i) with Schizophrenic Mothers,
(ii) with a history of serious prenatal or
birth difficulty,
(iii) who show unsocialized behaviour, including
extreme aggressiveness, and
(iv) brought up in aversive socio-cultural
environment.
The study of high-risk children can show
some insight into the origin of Schizophrenia.
Nature:
Introduction
Schizophrenia is one of the most serious
of the psychotic disorders and termed as heterogeneous clinical syndrome. The
symptoms expressed by individuals differ in intensity, type and level of
distress causes in the individual and care givers. It has no exact cause. The
intensity of symptoms gradually increases to a level where it can lead to
severe disability.
Features
Associated with Nature of Schizophrenia
The onset of schizophrenia is late adolescence
(male) and early adulthood (Female). However, it can begin its impact in late
childhood. The individuals who had episodes of schizophrenia in late childhood
are likely to suffer from developmental problems attributable to its
symptomatology. It impairs the brain chemistry leading to impairing cognitive
functioning.
Interestingly, schizophrenics are unaware
about their morbidity due to distorted awareness or anosognosia (neurological
deficit due to brain damage). In the initial years of onset of this disorder
the individual respond with sign and symptoms of anxiety and depression.
Schizophrenia a selective in its manifestation
of symptoms such as its negative symptoms tends to remain for longer period
while positive one tends to subside with age. It means that negative symptoms
are significant contributors in development of the disorder. The schizophrenics
whether male or female have life time high risk of committing suicide. It
interferes with adjustment by virtue of behavioural change.
(i) Schizophrenia is a treatable thought disorder.
(ii) Induces loss of self-control leading to
unpredictability in behaviour, response and actions including suicide and
suicide ideation
(iii) Gender neutral but onset in males is
earlier than females
(iv) Stress and environmental stressors
intensify the symptoms
(v) An encyclopedic constellation of
psycho-physiological symptoms
(vi) Highly distorted sensory (all five) responses
(vii) It is not necessary that all symptoms are
found in each case
(viii) The schizophrenia instills a sense of
inadequacy
(ix) Exaggerate and diminishes the psychological
abilities
(x) Contributes in impairment of physical
health
(xi) Reduces the synaptic connections in the
brain
(xii) Straight and significant impact on conscious
awareness
Prevalence
(i) Socio-cultural norms
(ii) Geographical location
(iii) Residential status
सन्दर्भ:
1. Coleman, C. J. (1988). Abnormal psychology
and modern life. Bombay, India: D. B. Taraporevala Sons & Co.
3. NCERT. (XII). Psychology Book.
4. DSM V Manual. Published by APA.
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