Remember
Psychologists
NEVER label their clients
Introduction
Diagnosis means identifying exactly
what illness a person has or what the cause of the problem is. (रोगी
के
रोग
और
समस्या
के
कारण
को
पहचानने
की
क्रिया;
निदान-क्रिया).
Psycho-diagnosis means identification
of psychological disorders and their underlying causes. The process of
identifying an emotional or behavioural problem and making a statement about
the current status of client’s mental health.
In psycho-diagnosis is typical process
in which disorders that have no observable organic base are identified from the
inferences drawn from observable symptoms. The behaviour & self-report by
client forms the base of diagnosis.
The diagnostic process is a complex,
patient-centered, collaborative activity that involves information gathering
and clinical reasoning with the goal of determining a patient's health problem.
The diagnosis should be undertaken by an experienced and knowledgeable
clinician. Wrong diagnosis can be disastrous. In psychodiagnosis the client’s
personal story is formulated considering the antecedent events and history.
This process is known as Formulation. It is making sense of a person’s difficulties
in the context of their relationships, social circumstances, life events, and
the sense that they have made of them. Formulation is collaborative sense-making’
(Harper and Moss 2003).
Stages
in Diagnosis
(i) Preparation – Learning about client’s
problem and plans further steps in assessment.
(ii) Input – Data about the client and his
situation is collected
(iii) Processing – Collected data is organized,
analyzed and interpreted.
(iv) Output – Results are communicated.
Diagnosis
Procedure
(i) State the client’s name, age, date of
evaluation and examination.
(ii) Summarize background information on the
client.
(iii) Provide client’s information details
extracted from interviews with parents or family members that were part of the
evaluation procedure.
(iv) Report on your observations of the client
during testing and interviewing.
(v) List tests used and report test results.
(vi) Interpret the test results
(vii) Write a summary and recommendations
(viii) Acknowledge the confidentiality of the report
on each page.
Determinants
of Diagnosis
(i) Duration of the disorder,
(ii) Severity,
(iii) Frequency of occurrence,
(iv) Level of interference in day-to-day life,
(v) Impact on self and family members/care
givers,
(vi) Family history.
Characteristics
(i) Diagnosis is the first and crucial step
in dealing with disorders.
(ii) It’s an [scientific] inference of the
observable symptoms.
(iii) Provides a platform for application of
appropriate interventions.
(iv) Tool of client care
(v) Makes decision making easy and safe
(vi) It involves logical and standardized
sequence of assessment
(vii) It contributes in research
(viii) Provides important inputs for designing
rehabilitation strategies
(ix) Helps in formulation of policy
Purpose
of Diagnosis
(i) Monitoring
(ii) Screening
(iii) Identification of disorder and its nature
(iv) Deciding upon exact intervention or
prognosis
(v) Prevention (Future health risk)
(vi) Identification of cause of disorder
(vii) Generate client’s comprehensive profile
(viii) Understanding of a disorder
(ix) For follow up and rehabilitation
(x) For classification.
References:
1.
http://egyankosh.ac.in/bitstream/123456789/50991/1/Unit-2.pdf
2. पांडेय,
जगदानंद.
(1956). असामान्य
मनोविज्ञान.
पटना:
ग्रंथमाला
प्रकाशन
कार्यालय।
3. http://egyankosh.ac.in/bitstream/123456789/21119/1/Unit-2.pdf.
4. https://icd.who.int/browse11/l-m/en.
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