Major Theoretical Approaches to Study Motivation
1. Psychoanalytic
2. Humanistic
3. SR cognitive
4. Ethological
Major Theories of Motivation
1. Maslow's theory
2. Existence Relatedness and Growth (ERG) theory
3. Herzberg’s Motivator-Hygiene Theory or Two factor theory
4. Mc Clelland’s Theory
5. Arousal Theory
6. Object Relation theory
7. Atkinson Theory
8. Vroom expectancy theory
Based on the philosophy of these approaches, we can classify them as under
1. Maslow's theory - It can be placed under the humanistic approach.
2. Existence Relatedness and Growth (ERG) theory - It can be placed under the humanistic approach.
3. Herzberg’s Motivator-Hygiene Theory or Two-Factor Theory - This theory comes under the behaviourist approach.
4. McClelland’s Theory - The defining feature of McClelland’s theory is the learning of needs. It can be placed in the behaviorist approach. He used TAT for assessment.
5. Arousal Theory - It is the offshoot of the biological approach.
6. Object Relation Theory - It directly relates to psychodynamic paradigms. So, it can be placed under the psychoanalytic approach.
7. Atkinson's Theory - It can be placed jointly under the cognitive and humanistic approaches. Because the Atkinson theory has expectancy as a significant component, which is a cognitive construct, while it has some focus on the individual too, which is the humanistic construct.
8. Vroom expectancy theory - It focuses on the association between expected behavior and desired outcomes, which are fundamental paradigms of the behaviorist approach.
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